Which term describes chemical bonding that results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms?

• A. Ionic Bonding
• B. Covalent Bonding
• C. Bond Energy
• D. Electron-Dot Notation

Answer: (B)

When two atoms share electrons to fill their outer shells, they form covalent bonding. This describe how electron pairs are held between the atoms, giving each atom access to those shared electrons and often achieving a stable octet or duet. Covalent bonds can be nonpolar, where electrons are shared equally, or polar, where one atom pulls the electrons more strongly. This is different from ionic bonding, which comes from transferring electrons and creating charged ions that attract each other. Bond energy is the amount of energy needed to break a bond, not a type of bond, and electron-dot notation is just a way to illustrate valence electrons and sharing, not the bonding description itself.